Under the influence of natural and artificial factors such as long-term vehicle load, rain washing and temperature difference change, highway roads are easy to appear cracks, pits, looseness, aging and spalling, which not only affect road traffic comfort, but also greatly reduce road service life and even cause traffic safety hazards.In road maintenance engineering, asphalt distributor is an indispensable special core equipment. With the advantages of automation, precision and high efficiency, it runs through the whole process of road preventive maintenance, disease repair and structural maintenance, and is the key equipment to ensure road maintenance quality, improve construction efficiency and reduce maintenance cost.This article elaborates on the core uses and application value of asphalt distributors in road maintenance.
Realize interlayer bonding and improve overall pavement stability
Modern asphalt pavement mostly adopts multi-layer pavement structure. The adhesion degree between surface layer, base layer and subbase layer directly determines the integrity and bearing capacity of pavement.In the process of road maintenance and renovation, old road reinforcement and overlay construction, it is easy to have problems such as weak adhesion, void and slip between new and old pavements and different structural layers, and then induce secondary diseases such as pavement cracking, displacement and package.
Asphalt distributor can accurately distribute adhesive materials such as emulsified asphalt, hot asphalt and modified asphalt to form uniform and dense adhesive film between pavement structure layers.Compared with manual spraying, the equipment operation can strictly control the spraying amount, spraying width and spraying thickness, avoid the problems of adhesive accumulation, leakage and uneven thickness, make the upper and lower pavement structural layers closely fit, form an overall stress structure, effectively improve the compression resistance and shear resistance of the pavement, eliminate interlayer separation diseases, and greatly improve the overall stability and durability after road maintenance.
Carry out preventive maintenance to delay pavement aging and damage
Preventive maintenance is the core means of road maintenance and maintenance, and also a key process to prolong road life with low cost and high efficiency. It is suitable for road scenes with no structural damage, only surface aging, fine cracks and loose aggregates. Asphalt distributor is the core equipment of preventive maintenance construction, which can complete many classic maintenance operations such as fog seal layer, slurry seal layer and gravel seal layer.
Aiming at the problems of fine cracks, surface dryness, asphalt aging and falling off, asphalt distributor distributes emulsified asphalt through low pressure atomization, so that asphalt material can fully penetrate into the cracks of pavement surface, fill micro cavities and cracks, and at the same time re-wrap loose aggregates to restore the adhesion performance of pavement surface. After construction, a layer of waterproof, wear-resistant and anti-aging protective film can be formed on the pavement, effectively blocking the erosion of rainwater, snow and ultraviolet rays on the pavement base layer, and preventing the minor diseases from further expanding into serious diseases such as pit grooves and large-area cracks. This maintenance method does not require large-area excavation of the road surface, the construction speed is fast, the cost is low, the aging speed of the road can be effectively delayed, the service life of the road can be prolonged by 3-5 years, and the cost of large-scale maintenance in the later period can be greatly reduced.
Repair road diseases and complete local accurate maintenance
After the road is put into use, local diseases such as pits, cracks, local looseness and corner damage are the most common problems. If they are not repaired in time, they will continue to spread and destroy the pavement base structure. In this kind of local disease maintenance operation, asphalt distributor plays an irreplaceable role.
During pit repair construction, after the workers clean up the damaged pavement and compact the base layer, they shall evenly spread adhesive asphalt on the inner wall and bottom of the pit by asphalt distributor, so as to ensure that the old and new asphalt mixture is fully bonded, avoid falling off, cracking and water seepage at the repaired parts, and ensure that the repaired pavement is smooth and firm and integrated with the original pavement. In crack maintenance operation, aiming at medium and wide pavement cracks, the equipment can accurately and quantitatively spray asphalt joint filling adhesive material, fill crack gaps and seal cracks, prevent rainwater from infiltrating subgrade, and prevent cracks from widening and deepening continuously. At the same time, for areas difficult to be covered by manual construction such as road corners, curb joints and intersections, asphalt distribution vehicles can flexibly adjust the distribution range to realize fine operation and ensure the construction quality of local maintenance.
Assist in upgrading old roads and optimize pavement construction quality
With the increase of traffic flow and load grade, a large number of old roads have some problems such as poor pavement flatness, insufficient structural strength and insufficient traffic capacity. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out reconstruction projects such as old road overlay, widening and reinforcement. Asphalt distribution vehicle is the core supporting equipment for old road reconstruction construction.
Before the construction of old pavement overlay, the original old pavement shall be cleaned, and then the adhesive layer oil shall be sprayed all over the area by asphalt distributor to provide a good bonding foundation for the newly paved asphalt pavement, ensure the close combination of new and old pavement, and avoid peeling, hollowing and falling off of the newly paved pavement. In the road widening and reconstruction project, the joint part of the old and new pavement is the area with high disease incidence. By accurately spraying asphalt adhesive layer, the structural integrity of the joint part can be strengthened, and the problems such as joint crack and uneven settlement can be reduced. In addition, in the waterproof construction of road base course, asphalt distributor can complete the oil spraying operation of permeable layer, so as to make asphalt penetrate the surface layer of base course, seal the pores of base course, improve the waterproof performance and overall strength of base course, lay solid foundation for subsequent surface course construction, and comprehensively improve the pavement quality and traffic performance after old road reconstruction.
Improve construction efficiency and reduce road maintenance costs
There are many disadvantages in traditional manual asphalt spraying operation, such as poor uniformity of spraying, difficulty in precise control of dosage, easy waste of asphalt material or insufficient spraying, slow construction speed, high labor cost, and long-term road occupation construction, which will also affect traffic passage.
The asphalt spraying truck adopts automatic control system, which can accurately adjust the spraying amount, spraying width and driving speed according to the construction requirements, realize the whole mechanized and standardized operation, with high spraying precision and stable construction quality, and completely solve the quality defects of manual construction. At the same time, the equipment has fast operation speed and wide coverage, greatly shortening the road maintenance construction period, reducing the construction time of occupied roads, and effectively alleviating the traffic congestion caused by road construction. In addition, accurate quantitative distribution can save asphalt raw materials to the maximum extent, reduce material loss, reduce labor input, reduce road maintenance costs from construction materials, manpower, construction period and other aspects, and adapt to the maintenance and construction needs of different grades of roads such as urban roads, national and provincial trunk roads and expressways.
epilogue
To sum up, asphalt distributor is not a single construction equipment, but the core maintenance equipment running through the whole scene of road preventive maintenance, local disease repair, old road reconstruction and upgrading, pavement structure reinforcement, etc. Its precise, efficient and standardized operation characteristics can not only effectively repair various road diseases, strengthen road structure stability, delay road aging, but also greatly improve road maintenance construction quality and efficiency, reduce maintenance costs, and ensure road traffic safety and smoothness. With the trend of fine and efficient development of modern highway maintenance, the application value of asphalt distributor becomes more and more prominent. It is an important basic equipment to ensure the quality of road engineering, prolong the service life of road and improve the road maintenance system.
