As an important traffic road for our daily travels, highways are increasingly valued for their quality. Ensuring their normal use plays an important role in maintaining road safety. In today's maintenance technology, preventive maintenance technology is particularly important. In order to reduce highway disasters, preventive maintenance of highways before disasters occur will improve the quality and service life of highways. The key point of maintenance lies in the cause of the disease. The so-called "prescribing the right medicine" can have a better effect.
Asphalt pavement is currently the main form of highway pavement in my country. Its wide application is due to its advantages of flatness, wear resistance, convenient construction, and relatively easy subsequent maintenance. Everything has two sides, and asphalt pavement also has its shortcomings. Diseases will occur due to extreme temperatures. For example, high temperatures in summer will cause softening, and low temperatures in winter will cause cracks. Due to its shortcomings, highway pavements often suffer from the following diseases:

Longitudinal cracks: Cracks occur in highway pavement due to uneven soil distribution and uneven stress. They are basically longitudinal cracks. There are two reasons: the roadbed itself, uneven settlement of the roadbed, leading to the occurrence of longitudinal cracks; the longitudinal joints are improperly handled during the asphalt paving process, and the vehicle load and climate influence during use lead to the occurrence of cracks.
Transverse cracks: Asphalt concrete shrinks or differentially settles under the action of internal temperature differences, causing pavement cracking. Both longitudinal cracks and longitudinal cracks are crack-type diseases. There are more types of transverse cracks. Common ones include differential settlement cracks, load-related cracks and rigid base layers. reflective crack
Fatigue cracks: The influence of the external environment accounts for a large proportion of the formation of fatigue cracks. Highway pavements are exposed to the sun for a long time in summer. The continuous high temperature will soften the asphalt concrete pavement. During the rainy season, rainwater will wash away and penetrate, which will accelerate the degradation of the asphalt concrete pavement quality. Vehicle load, the softening of the road surface will intensify, the original bearing capacity of the road surface will be reduced, and long-term circulation will cause fatigue cracks.
Reflective cracks: mainly related to the internal extrusion and shrinkage of the pavement. The three parts of the highway, the roadbed, the base layer and the surface layer, are laid in order from top to bottom. The base layer is between the roadbed and the surface layer. Extrusion and shrinkage of the base layer will cause cracks. The cracks in the base layer will be reflected to the roadbed layer and surface layer, as well as other external surfaces. Affected, reflective cracks appear.
Rut damage: There are three types of rut damage: instability ruts, structural ruts and abrasion ruts. Rutting deformation is mainly due to the properties of the asphalt material itself. At high temperatures, asphalt becomes unstable, and the continuous action of vehicles on the asphalt pavement causes long-term deformation of the pavement. The asphalt material undergoes viscous flow under stress, causing ruts. Either form will have an impact on the road surface.
Oil flooding: The asphalt mixture design and production contains too much asphalt, the mixing is not well controlled, and the asphalt itself has poor stability. When laying asphalt pavement, the amount of sticky layer oil is not well controlled and rainwater penetrates, resulting in oil flooding in the later stage. In hot weather, asphalt gradually moves from the bottom and lower part of the mixture to the surface layer, causing asphalt to accumulate. In addition, rainwater causes the asphalt to continuously peel and move, and excessive asphalt accumulates on the road surface, reducing the road's anti-skid ability. It is an irreversible one-way disease.